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HESH vs Spaced Armour

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Soviet live fire experiments with HESH fired from a 105 mm tank gun and a 106 mm recoilless rifle were published in the Armoured Journal (Bronetankoviy Vestnik) as a part of a study on tank protection. In this study, various types of armour layouts were simulated by placing thin 2P steel or aluminium alloy plates of various types, representing skirt armour, at a distance of 330 mm away from a thicker 2P steel plate, representing the side of the tank's hull. The shots were fired from 100 meters. Here are the results.

Caliber (mm)
Angle
(deg)
Impact velocity
(m/s)
Armour thickness (mm)
Damage
Normaliza-tion angle of fragments
First plate
Second plate
105
0
634
5+20 (Steel)
Breach 650x400 mm
Breach 240x300 mm*
0
105
0
615
5+80 (Steel)
Breach 500x550 mm
Dents from fragments up to 12 mm deep over 350x400 mm
0
105
0
605
5+20 (Steel)
Breach 650x480 mm
Dents from fragments 10-12 mm deep over 500x550 mm
0
105
0
614
10+20(Steel)
Breach 600x600 mm
Plate cracked, two penetrations, dents from fragments over
0
105
0
722
10+20(Steel)
Breach 500x400 mm
Three penetrations, dents from fragments over 350x370 mm.
0
105
0
617
10+30(Steel)
Breach 550x600 mm
Dents up to 7 mm deep over 370x400 mm.
0
105
0
607
30 (ABT-101) + 20 (Steel)
Plate cracked
Dents up to 8 mm deep over 450x400 mm, 706 mm long crack.
0
105
0
615
5 (AMG-6) + 80 (Steel at a 60 deg angle)
Penetration 170x110 mm
Plate cracked**
-
105
45
606
5+20 (Steel)
Breach 780x350 mm
Plate cracked. Dents from fragments up to 10 mm deep over 550x500 mm
15-25
105
50
606
5+20(Steel)
Breach 650x290 mm
Plate cracked. Dents up to 11 mm deep over 550x500 mm
20-25
105
60
640
5+20(Steel)
Breach 550x340 mm
Dents up to 13 mm deep over 500x620 mm.
20-30
105
60
635
10+20(Steel)
Plate cracked
40x40 mm penetration, dents from fragments over 350x500 mm.
-
105
60
599
13(ABT-101) + 20 (Steel)
Breach 500x480 mm
Dents up to 100 [sic] mm deep over 500x490 mm.
20-30
105
0
489
5+45(Steel)
Breach 620x480 mm
Dents up to 5 mm deep over 600x560 mm.
0
106
60
489
10+20(Steel)
Plate cracked
Breach 310x170 mm, dents from fragments over 430x400 mm.
35-40
106
60
489
20+45(Steel)
Breach 800x550 mm with spall fragment
Dents up to 15 mm deep from fragments over 360x380. 20 mm dent from spall fragment.
30-40

*The shell did not explode upon striking the first layer, but deformed slightly.
**The shell penetrated the spaced armour and exploded upon hitting the main armour.


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