"Report on factory trials of an experimental prototype of the ZIS-19 37 mm tank gun
Basis: order #52 issued on February 20th, 1942, to the I.V. Stalin, Order of Lenin, factory #92
1. History of the issue
On orders from comrade Stalin, the department of the factory Chief Engineer created a 37 mm gun for installation into the turret of the T-60 tank. Ballistics and ammunition are from the 37 mm AA gun used by the Red Army.
From December 20th, 1941, to January 12th, 1942, the department designed blueprints, indexed with the code ZIS-19.
From January 12th to January 19th, an experimental prototype of the ZIS-19 system was built and installed in the turret of a mass production T-60 tank.
Presently, working blueprints for the ZIS-19 and requirements for mass production have been prepared.
In order to fully and completely solve the issue of installing the 37 mm gun into the T-60, the GAZ factory has been provided with a full set of blueprints, specifications, and list of required tools on January 14th, 1942.
In addition, the ZIS-19 system installed in the T-60 turret was sent to the GAZ factory on January 25th, 1942, for familiarization by the factor's designers, which were given the opportunity to make any measurements they required.
2. Comparative table #1, amount of parts in the ZIS-19 and 20-K 45 mm tank gun (without tools)
Group | ZIS-19 | 20-K | ||||
Amount of main parts | Amount of other parts | Total | Amount of main parts | Amount of other parts | Total | |
01 | 1 | 9 | 10 | 17 | 66 | 83 |
02 | 3 | 39 | 42 | 9 | 88 | 97 |
08 | 4 | 25 | 29 | 36 | 117 | 153 |
09 | 6 | 21 | 27 | |||
10 | 8 | 13 | 21 | |||
16 | 5 | 11 | 16 | 7 | 60 | 67 |
27 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 27 | 36 | |
Total | 153 | 436 |
As you can see from this table, the ZIS-19 has several times fewer parts than the 45 mm tank gun. The simplicity and small amount of parts compared to the 45 mm tank gun allows for significant increase in production of tank guns, while reducing the amount of resources and time spent.
3. Table #2 of main characteristics of the ZIS-19 system
Characteristic | Value |
Caliber | 37 mm |
Muzzle velocity | 915 m/s |
Maximum barrel pressure | 2800 kg/cm2 |
Propellant load | 202 g |
Propellant type | 7/7 |
Shell mass | 720 g |
Chamber volume | 0.267 dm3 |
Loading density | 0.76 kg/dm3 |
Type of round | Single piece |
Rifled barrel length | 2054 mm |
Barrel length | 66.5 calibers/2468 mm |
Barrel type | Monobloc |
Rifling twist | 1 in 30 |
Type of breech | Vertical sliding semiautomatic |
Type of semiautomatic mechanism | Mechanical |
Muzzle energy | 30.7 ton-meters |
Recoiling elements mass | 100 kg |
Oscillating elements mass with mantlet | 235 kg |
Maximum elevation | +21.5° |
Maximum depression | -6° |
Recoil length | 170 +/- 30 mm |
Horizontal aiming arc | 360° |
Effort on the aiming flywheels | - |
Return gear | Spring |
Recoil brake | |
Type | Hydraulic |
Amount of fluid | 0.4 L |
Type of fluid | Steol |
Recoil resistance | 1670 kg |